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专升本英语语法知识点汇总:感叹句结构与强调句结构

来源:湖北专升本考试网 - 整理
时间:2021-01-27
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1.祈使句结构

祈使句用以表达命令,要求,请求,劝告等。

1) 祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)

Take this seat.

Do be careful.

否定结构:

Don't move.

Don't be late.

2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。

Let 的反意疑问句

a. Let's 包括说话者 

Let's have another tryshall we / shan't we?

= Shall we have another try?

b.Let us 不包括说话者

Let us have another trywill you / won't you?

= Will you please let us have another try?

否定结构:

Let's not talk of that matter.

Let us not talk of that matter.

2. 感叹句结构

感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种:掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。

How +形容词+ a +名词+       陈述语序   

How+形容词或副词+         陈述语序

What +名词+            陈述语序

What+a+形容词+名词+        陈述语序

What+ 形容词+复数名词+       陈述语序

What+ 形容词+不可数名词+      陈述语序

How clever a boy he is!

How lovely the baby is!

What noise they are making!

What a clever boy he is!

What wonderful ideas (we have)!

What cold weather it is!

感叹句的省略形式为:

What a clever boy (he is)!

典型例题

1___ food you've cooked!

A. How a niceB. What a niceC. How niceD. What nice

答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词,副词;what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词,因此AB 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词,因此只有D正确,其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数)

2___terrible weather we've been having these days!

A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a

答案A. weather为不可数名词,BD排除。Chow + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有A,符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。

3) --- _____ I had!

--- You really suffered a lot.

A. What a timeB. What timeC. How a timeD. how time

答案A. 

感叹句分两类:

1What + n.+主谓部分

2How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种,但省略了bad,相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。