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备战专升本考试:一起来纠正一下英语写作中典型的病句吧

来源:湖北专升本考试网 - 整理
时间:2021-03-30
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    一、词性误用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)
  “词性误用”常表现为:介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。
  例1. None can negative the importance of money.
  剖析:negative 系形容词,误作动词。

  改为:None can deny the importance of money.

  二、指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)
  指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句:
  Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
  (玛丽和我姐姐很要好,因为她要她做她的伴娘。)
  读完上面这一句话,读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为:
  Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
  例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself.
    剖析:句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。

    改为:We can also know society by serving it ourselves.

  三、不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)
  什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。
  例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world.
  剖析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“There are many ways.” 以及“We get to know the outside world.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。
    改为:There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.

    或:There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outsideworld.

  四、措词毛病(Troubles in Diction)
  Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题,囿于教学时间紧迫,教师平时在这方面花的时间往往极其有限,影响了学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲,斟酌的习惯。他们往往随心所欲,拿来就用。所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。
  例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.
  (农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)
  剖析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍”,“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use (不断增加的使用)” 应改为“abusive use (滥用)”。
  改为:The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.