你当前的位置:首页 > 全日制专升本 > 备考经验

2021年普通专升本:《英语》语法讲解之定语从句

来源:湖北专升本考试网 - 整理
时间:2021-05-10
手机阅览

手机扫一扫

分享到:

    各种从句系列是语法知识中最难的,而定语从句又是所有从句类型中最难的。今天的语法内容是关于定语从句的知识点讲解。

    关系代词引导的定语从句

    关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

    1)who, whom, that

    这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

    Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

    他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

    2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:

    They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

    Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

    3)which, that

    它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

    A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)

    The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)

    关系副词引导的定语从句

    关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

    1)when, where,why

    关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例 如:

    There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

    Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

    Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

    2)that代替关系副词

    that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:

    His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

    He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。