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2021年普通专升本复习备考:大学英语易错动词!

来源:湖北专升本考试网 - 整理
时间:2021-10-07
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    第一组
    spend/ take /cost
    ①spend的主语通常是“人”,即“或人在─花多少时刻或金钱。”
    例句:
    1)The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing computer games.
  (那个男孩花了许多钱玩电子游戏。)
    2)She spent lots of money on books last year.
  (去年她花费许多钱在书本上。)
    ②take前常以it作形式主语,作“做某事需求花多少时刻。”
    It takes +(人)+时刻+ to do sth.
    1)How long does it take you to finish the work?
  (你需求多少时刻才能完成那作业?)
    2)It took me an hour to repair my bike.
  (我花了一个小时修补自行车。)
    3)It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.
  (说真话需求很大的勇气。)
    ③cost的主语通常是事物,即指 ①某物值多少钱②需求多少时刻③或人花了多少钱④使(或人)(丧失)(事/物)+cost+(人)+时刻/金钱
    1)The watch cost me two hundred yuan.
  (这块手表花了我200块钱。)
    2)Writing a novel cost plenty of time.
  (写本小说要花许多时刻。)
    3)The girl"s bad behavior cost her parents many sleepless nights.
  (那个女孩的不良行为使得她的爸爸妈妈许多夜晚睡不着。)

    留意:cost的过去式,过去分词都是cost。


    第二组
    speak/say/tell/talk
    ①speak说某种言语,说或人好、坏话是及物动词;宣布说话,对或人说话,是不及物动词。
    1)The students speak English very fluently.
  (这些学生英语说得非常流利。)
    2)The Prime Minister spoke on the international situation.
  (辅弼就国际形势宣布了演说。)
    3)She always speaks ill of others.
  (她总是说他人的坏话。)
    ②speak的习惯用语:
    Generally speaking 一般而言
    Frankly speaking 坦白地说
    Strictly speaking 严格地说
    not to speak of 且不说;更不用说
    1)Generally speaking, man is stronger than woman.
  (一般而言,男人比女人健壮。)
    2)We can speak English, not to speak of Chinese.
  (咱们会读英语,汉语更不用说了。)
    ④say说出某句话或某件事;后接从句,(但say与从句之间不能直接接人称代词或名词);说明时刻;信件、公告报纸上的“说”,习惯用法
    1)She said ,“I love you.”
  (她说:“我爱你。”)
    2)Say goodbye to them.
  (跟他们说再见。)
    3)She says she is busy.
  (她说她很忙。)
    4)My watch says 10:00 sharp.
  (我的表是十点整。)
    5)The paper says that there was a big fire in Shanghai.
  (报上说上海发生了一场大火)。
    6)It is said that she has been away for a month.
  (听说她已走了一个月了)
    7)It goes without saying that education is important.
  (不用说,教育是重要的。)
    8)Tom is a good student, that is to say, he gets good grades in school.
  (Tom是个好学生,也就是说,他在校园的成绩很好。)
    ③ ①tell扯谎;讲故事;说实话
    1)Don"t tell a lie.
  (不要扯谎。)
    2)She likes to tell stories.
  (她喜爱讲故事。)
    3)We should always tell the truth.
  (咱们应该永久说实话。)
    ③ ②tell辨别;叫或人做某事;接“直接”与“直接”宾语;tell+宾语+that从句
    1)Sometimes we can"t tell right from wrong.
  (有时咱们无法辨别是非。)
    ④talk连续地说话;习惯用法
    1)What are the girls talking about ?
  (那些女孩们讲什么?)
    2)Young people like to talk politics.
  (年青人喜爱议论政治。)
    3)I talked over the matter with her.
  (我与她议论了那个问题。)